The data sheets are on pages 3 and 4 data sheet name. Any motion in a curved path represents accelerated motion, and requires a real force directed toward the center of curvature of the path. The goal of the lab will be to experimentally verify this relationship. Circular motion is one of basic motions in the world. Use your analysis results in table 2 to create a graph of the centripetal force f c versus the measured tangential velocity v2 t. In this experiment this force will be provided by a spring which stretches to allow the mass to rotate in a circle of known radius. Just like the centripetal acceleration, the centripetal force always points to the center of. To study circular motion, centripetal force, and centripetal acceleration. College physics i laboratory phsx 206n centripetal force. In this lab we will study the relationship between acceleration of an object moving with uniform circular motion and the force required to produce that. Verifying motion direction of an object in the absence of centripetal force.
Fix the angular velocity w and mass m, and vary radius r 1. Introduction the inward force which causes an object to revolve in a circle with constant speed is called the centripetal force. Calculate this force by multiplying the mass hung over the pulley by g and record this force at the top of table 3. Experiment 7 centripetal force advanced reading halliday, resnick and walker chapter 6, section 65 objective. Plot a graph of force, f c on the y axis versus moving mass, m moving on the x axis. Those of you who have tied an object to a string and whirled it in a horizontal circle no doubt have noticed that you have to pull on the string. From the radius r and the strobe frequency f measured in revolutions per second, calculate the speed of the rotating mass, v x t 2 rf 2. Planning your experiment on the bench is the apparatus you will use.
If the period of revolution is t, the linear speed of the mass is v 2. As centripetal force increased, the velocity increased. Periodic time, t s force probe f probe force, f c mr4. Introduction the objective of this experiment is to measure the force needed to keep a mass rotating around in a circular path. L o for the experiment we will zero out the weight of the mass. In fact, each laboratory writeup contains a section. For each value of speed you measured, calculate the centripetal force using the mass, speed, and length of the pendulum. To compare the calculated centripetal force directly with the static force required to. To compare the calculated centripetal force directly with the static force required to pull the object to the same radial position. Tested in thousands of student lab experiments, our well known quantitative centripetal force apparatus has proved its worth. Introduce centripetal and centrifugal forces, as well as uniform circular motion. This force is always at right angles to the motion and directed towards the center of the circular orbit. This allows the centripetal acceleration to be written 2 2 2 2 2 t. This also means there is an absence of force according to newtons second law.
For the experiment we will zero out the weight of the mass. The purpose of this experiment is to measure the centripetal force fc on an object moving in a circle at a constant speed and to see how this force is. The radius and mass are held constant as the velocity is increased. We will then attempt to show that, for this experiment, the force responsible for centripetal acceleration is provided by a spring. Using newtons second law, we will then calculate the magnitude of the centripetal force.
Laboratory manual experiment ne01 centripetal force. Calculate the square of the period for each trial and record this in table 3. Attach the clampon pulley to the end of the track nearer to the hanging object. Freebody diagrams for a dynamic and b static measurements. The centripetal force in this experiment is created by he spring, as shown to the right, and is thus given by. Putting these values into equation 4 above gives an experimental value for centripetal force. Repeat the data analysis process for four more troughs on the plot of centripetal force. Even if the objects speed magnitude of the velocity is constant, the velocity is changing because the direction of the motion is changing. Phys 1401 general physics i experiment 6 centripetal force i. Learn about the effects of mass on keeping a satellite in orbit. Thus an easy control of the zero position of light pointer is always possible during the experiment. For the result of all experiment, if we compare both result graphs and the formula of centripetal force together. Quantitative centripetal force demonstration youtube. Zero the counter on the centripetal force apparatus.
However, we didnt had to spend much force for spinning compare to the 100g run. Compare the two types of force used to stretch the spring. To measure the centripetal acceleration associated with a rotating object using the centripetal force apparatus, for various values of m and r. Our experiment in this experiment we will measure the force required to keep a mass moving at constant angular velocity in a circle of constant radius. F sp mg, 5 where m is the total mass of the load including the hanger. Pdf we describe an experimental setup for studying and determining the centripetal force acting. The formula that will be used to measure the tension is as follows. As the pendulum oscillates back and forth, both force and angular velocity are. Centripetal force introduction this experiment is concerned with the force necessary to keep an object moving in a constant circular path. Keep the mass of rotating body m1 and angular velocity w. This force will then be compared to a statically determined value.
Centripetal and centrifugal force definition, examples. As the mass of the moving stopper increased, the velocity decreased. In this lab a metal bob is rotated in a uniform circular motion. Two experimental conditions were measured using 1 a simple pendulum and 2 a rotating table. The pseudo or fictitious centrifugal force appears when a rotating reference frame is used. The objective of this experiment is to measure the centripetal acceleration of a rotating body and thus determine the centripetal force on the body. From the graphs, what is the relationship between centripetal force and tangential velocity. With your arm stretched out, hold the bucket by the handle and swing it around you in a circle. Your task, design an experiment using the apparatus that shows that for an object rotating in uniform circular motion, the centripetal force applied is equal to.
Build and experiment with a simple demonstration model. Could you suggest a proportional formula between centripetal force f c, and tangential velocity, v. Chapter 5 uniformcircularmotion and centripetal force. The objective of this experiment is to measure the force needed to keep a mass ro tating around in a circular path. Using the information in steps 2 and 5, calculate the speed v of the bob. This experiment is about centripetal force, the force that keeps objects moving in a circular path at a constant velocity. Experimental set up for this lab is shown in figure 2. That is, an object can be considered as consisting of many small point masses with constant distances between. In this experiment, the centripetal force is provided by the attractive force fmag between a magnet and a piece of magnetic material attached to a plastic block that is the accelerated.
The apparatus used in this experiment has a rotating vertical spindle with a horizontal crossarm at the top. In this activity, youll experiment with centripetal force, and learn how it works in your own. Centripetal force and linear velocity introduction in this experiment, you will vary the velocity by changing the voltage to the electric motor as the centripetal force is continuously measured by the force sensor. In this case the acceleration acts not to increase or decrease the magnitude of the velocity vector, but rather to change its direction. Centripetal force experiment 10 introduction an object moves in a circle in many instances. Insert the centrifugal force apparatus completely into the chuck. In this lesson, we would find out the relation of centripetal force. The experiments folder will appear, double click on the probes and sensors folder, then double click on the photogate folder and then, finally, double click on the pendulum timer file. Use your analysis results in table 4 to create a graph of rversus v t. By newtons second law when a centripetal force acts on a mass, the. Place the balance body on the other side, its mass and radius are the same with. Experiment vi centripetal force and acceleration i.
The centripetal force and the mass of the hanging object will be held constant for this part of the experiment. In the second portion of the experiment, the apparatus will not be rotating and the value of the centripetal force will be determined statically. Experiment 10 1 10 uniform circular motion objective to study the relationship between rotational frequency, radius, and centripetal force. This is given by v distancetime 2 rnt, where r is the radius of the.
Note that the centripetal force is proportional to the square of the velocity, implying that a doubling of speed will require four times the centripetal force to keep the motion in a circle. If the centripetal force must be provided by friction alone on a curve, an increase in speed could lead to an unexpected skid if friction is insufficient. F c 4 2mr t2 the force created by a spring is proportional to how far past equilibrium it is stretched, in this case represented by r as shown. The dependence of centripetal force on radius and angular velocity is investigated. This force is equal to the centripetal force for holding the bob at the same radius when it is rotating. How is mass of the washers related to the force of gravity on them. Record the maximum centripetal force and the corresponding speed in the data table in the lab report section. Centripetal force is the component of force acting on an object in curvilinear motion which is directed toward the axis of rotation or centre of curvature. F mac mv2 r where f is the force in newtons, m is the mass of an object in kilograms, and ac is the centripetal acceleration that can also be described by. We can also relate the centripetal acceleration and force to the period of.
Note that these are not necessarily the answers to the questions, but merely a means to get to the answer. National chiao tung university physics experimental handout centripetal force experiment 61 unit06 centripetal force experiment objective. Phys 1401 general physics i experiment 6 centripetal. In this experiment, the period will be equal to the time elapsed, t, divided by the number of revolutions turned, n. In this experiment we will measure the force required to keep a mass moving at.
This net force, the centripetal force, gives rise to a centripetal acceleration toward the center of the circular path, and this changes the direction of the motion of the object continuously to make the circular path possible. Doc centripetal force lab report 1 enri kaw academia. Evaluate the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration, ac v 2r and determine the centripetal force 3. Drill a hole in the middle of the board so that it will fit tightly over the center prong on the turntable. We can also relate the centripetal acceleration and force to the period of rotation, t, since t r v 2. Centripetal force accessory me8952 rotating platform me8951 stopwatch balance graph paper 2 sheets mass and hanger set string purpose the purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of varying the mass of the object, the radius of the circle, and the centripetal force on an object rotating in a circular path. Those of you who have tied an object to a string and whirled it in a horizontal circle above your head no doubt. For example, spin of electron in the atom and interaction between planetsetc. R enables the centripetal force equation to be written in the following way by again making use of the shortform singleline mathematical layout. As the radius of the circle increased, the velocity increased. The mass undergoing circular motion is referred to as a bob. Unit 06 centripetal force experiment national chiao tung.
This force makes an object move in a curved motion, like a rollercoaster hugging a curve, or a golf club swinging in an arc from your shoulder to the ball. The centripetal acceleration and the tangential acceleration are perpendicular to one another and yield a total acceleration a given by l o 6 e c 6. Circular motion and centrifugal force experiment mit blossoms. Also, take a look at this fun video by planet nutshell. Pdf experimental study of the centripetal force researchgate. The stronger the centripetal force, the faster the object curves around. We can substitute the equation for centripetal acceleration to give an expression for the centripetal force. Introduction and theory in this experiment, centripetal force will be. The magnitude of the centripetal force required to keep an object in a circular path depends on the inertia or mass and the acceleration of the object, as you know from the second law f ma. Experimentally verify the forces involved in uniform circular motion lab report. Install a flag on the top of the rotating mass and place a photogate in the. In this experiment, what provides the centripetal force.
At the expense of only a few cents, and with equipment available in every physics laboratory, an experiment on centripetal force has been assembled, which may represent the ultimate in simplicity. So a centripetal force is a center seeking force which means that the force is always directed toward the center of the circle. Attach a string to the hanging object and hang a known mass over the clampon pulley. This experiment is designed to examine the relationships between the force, mass, and radius of an object moving in a circular path and the velocity it must maintain to stay in that circular path. In this experiment newtons first and second laws of motion were used to study and verify the expression for the force, f, to be provided to mass, m, to execute circular motion. The farther the spring is stretched the more force it produces in the opposite direction. The equation which governs rotational dynamics is f r ma r, where the centripetal force f r is the component. In this experiment, the centripetal force is directly measured using a force sensor. Centripetal force lab work vl8 2 phy 116 we suggest you read the following. The object is, therefore, being accelerated, and a force. The force sensor, supporting the pendulum, mounts directly onto the shaft of the rotary motion sensor.
Setup level the a base and rotating platform as described in the me8951 assembly section in the introduction to this manual. Use information in table 1 and this graph to determine how changing the rotating mass affects centripetal force for circular motion. Introduction when an object travels in a circle, even at constant speed, it is undergoing acceleration. National chiao tung university physics experimental handout centripetal force experiment 64 b. This is given by v distancetime 2prnt, where r is the radius of the circle and n the number of revolutions. Experiment 7 centripetal force distance is the same as the radius r of the circle made by the bob when it was rotating. Experiment cf centripetal force mit opencourseware.
This force is called the centripetal force, which means center seeking force. The product of the mass of the ball and the centripetal acceleration is the centripetal force. The purpose of this experiment is to measure the centripetal force fc on an object moving in a circle at a constant speed and to see how this force is proportional to the square of the radius. Without this force, an object will simply continue moving in straight line motion. Pdf analysis and experiments on the force capabilities. The acceleration of an object moving in uniform circular motion is a v2r, so the magnitude of the centripetal force of an object with a mass m that is moving with a velocity v in a. Turn the spring setting on the bob cage until it is near the zero position weakest setting. From this crossarm is suspended a plumb bob to which additional mass can be added which will tend to move outward as the spindle rotates unless a centripetal force is supplied. Dependence of the speed v on the radius r at a constant centripetal force in this part of the experiment, you are going to keep the mass, m and centripetal force constant and see how the speed v varies by changing the radius r of a uniform circular motion.
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